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Lotaw khua: Miraw rawkaw ungnaw, Siainn te Pachia Thehoypaw bya tenaw
(Lotaw: British Station, Education and Missionary Arrival)
Khamh B. Lian (Ph.D Candidate, USA)
Byalamaw
Lotaw khua tuh thahlang umpaw Chin minphin (Southern) hae, a lialang umpaw Chin minphin (Northern) hae te Yaw ram lungkhu umpaw Yaw minphuin hae ccialekunaw laanpi vaw lang a umpaw khua nynh a la thua. Mitraw uhkunaw ccyh (British colony) lya ze, Mitraw uhnaw a tyngkhonaw lan cite Mitraw rawkawhae nynh umnaw hmin a la khuakunaw hae zemah a thua.
Tuh hawte, Rev. Sang Fen te Rev. Sang Ling nynh Zotung minphuin kalan masatou Pachia thehooypaw bya a phy lya hae ze, Pachia bya a phynaw hae khua ze mah athua. Tukeiccu, Lotaw khua kya Mitraw rawkaw umnaw kong phongpaw thuasah, thehooypaw bya a tenaw kong phongpaw thuasah ny ry myarya a um.
E ccanaw kya tuh Mitraw bawi hae nynh a zeipaw hae phongpaw ccauh "The Chin Hill: A History of the People, Our Dealings with Them, Their Customs and Manners, and a Gazetteer of Their Country volume 1 & 2, kya muihkhopaw phongpaw khah doku te Mitraw te Lotaw khua kong ccapyh ka zei. Tuinte, Zotung minphuin kalan Pachia thehooypaw bya masatou a phytuhae Rev. Sang Fen te Rev. Sang Ling nynh Lotaw khua athuanaw hae kong te Pachia bya athaehaepaw kong zemah masatou Pachia ryalatuhae nynh a zeisya hae paw ccaw dothui te ccawno hae halan e ccanaw tuh kae zei.
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Mitraw uhnaw te Chin minphuin
Mitraw uhnaw athua maw, Chin minphuin kong lante a zeihaepaw ccaw pataepi a um vae. E kya tuh Carey te Tuck nynh, "The Chin Hill: A History of the People, Our Dealings with Them, Their Customs and Manners, and a Gazetteer of Their Country (vol. 1 & 2)" ccauh kya a zeipaw hae lungkhu e khah, ccaw riatu hae halan, nynaw konaw lan ccapyh a dyngnaw te ka zei.
Chin minphin hae tuh Mitraw uhnaw (British colony) a pou maw kya tuh minphin taraw pataepi a phiakuh paw (Tribes) nynh a thua hae. Phin (clan) pataepi um hae zah, phin kheit te phin kheit laku zyngkunaw myarya a zyapaw te ramlo luaku myarya a mangpaw hae nynh a thuahae. Bawi phin hae nynh loram tuh a hoi hae. Bawiphin hae nynh loram pe hae zah, ccungccawhae zemah a uh hae. Bawiphin hae cciakhaenaw te Khua raveh koikua rae kuh hae zah maw te maw khyngnaw raeku te a uhkuhpaw hae nynh thua hae. A bapi lante a mang hae paw zunghe tuh The te Li nynh athua. Phin kheit te phin kheit, athua khyh ze, khua kheit te khua kheit thingku' a mang hae. Mitraw (British) hae nynh Lushei (India) te Yaw (Myanmar) hae khah maethe a lua keiccu hae ze, Lushei hae te Yaw hae nynh Mitraw kuih kalan a lakaw te zunghe pya lae tuh cite Chin muavaw (Chin Hill) umpaw Bawiphin hae kalan zunghe khah a ruh lante a zua pya hae. Chin ccungccaw lungkhu zemah maethe a suh thyapaw te zunghe a suh thyapaw a um hae. Tukeiccu, mihmaw thathyh te zunghe a hoi hae.
Carey te Tuck nynh a lia Chin minphuin (Northern) hae laku a muihpaw hae te a tongpaw hae kong lante a zeipaw hae tuh "Chin ccungccaw hae tuh myarya nyngsi kuh hae. Vawkhu a muih hae ze, cui a sing kuh hae. Thuasalama, buhhaw te voipin vawlan bua a ih hae. A cci hae ze, si cipaw nyh khyh hae. Khawhrung kalan sithoinaw nynh a rae hae. Setan khawhrung myarya zyng (superstitious) hae. Samaw myarya a ra hae. Karua myarya a ra hac. Myarya a kara kuh hae. Mikhia sungsahnaw lungthing myarya hoi hae. Mihmaw khyngnaw halan hiinnaw pyaku ciate rawthongnaw a hoi hae" cite a zei hae. Mitraw hae nynh Chin hae a muihnaw hae nih athua.2
Lotaw te Mitraw rawkaw ungnaw (1892-1940s)
Mitraw (British) rawbawi hae nynh a zeipaw hae "The Chin Hill: A History of the People, Our Dealings with Them, Their Customs and Manners, and a Gazetteer of Their Country (vol. 1 & 2," ccauh lungkhu muih khopaw Lotaw khua te Mitraw rawkaw kong lante a dyngnaw te e kya bua kae zei. E ccauh lungkhu kya Zotung minphuin hae te Mitraw uhtubawi hae ccoepekunaw te rawkunaw kong mitmae vaw kya pataepi a lang. Thuasalama, e ccanaw kya tuh Lotaw khua te Mitraw rawkaw umnaw kong lante byapi lan te ka zei. A dyngnaw te ho lan ze, Lotaw khua tuh Mitraw uhkunaw ccyh kya myarya a bapipaw Zotung khua nynh a la thua.
1. "Thingku" cipaw tuh rawdounaw zia phuin kheit thua zah, mitraw bya te "Guerrilla" a ci hae paw te a lo kuh.
2. E hynh tuh Mitraw hae nynh Chin ram lungkhu a ccia a ungnaw hae kyate, a muihnaw hae te a tongpaw hae nynh athua. A bapi lante Tuiding, Salang te Haekhaw lan sang kong a zeipaw hae kya e nih thua. Oun muih seipaw hae zemah a um kho. Thingria lung ung lanpaw thua khyh.
Zotung Bawihae thawzung soiluaku te Mitraw rawkaw a la dahan khawnaw hae koikua zemah a la thua cih cite tuase athua. Pawtecize, Lotaw koikua kya nin nin lungkhu mitraw rawkaw hae te rawse kuh hae.
January 26, 1892 kya Lieutenant Macnabb te a rawkawhae tuh Sethang ram te Zotung ram lungkhu lan a te hae. Lotaw koikua kya nin nin lungkhu a rawkuh hae. Tuin koute, Lotaw khua thalan cuidy pe kya rawkaw 100 sosoh umnaw hmin a khua hae. Pawtecize, "Lotaw khua tuh Zotung ram lungkhu e Bawihae ringnaw halan thuasah, Mitraw uhkunaw a thawsaenaw lan thuasah, rawkaw ccialekunaw halan thuasah myarya a hoynaw hmin nynh thua," cite a muih hae. January 30, 1892 kya Haekhaw lan a ki hae. Tuh-e tuh, Mitraw rawkaw nynh Lotaw khua masatou ryamin a raekunaw hae nih athua.
1894-1895 kya, vaeninnaw Lotaw khua ryamin bua oun thua hae zah, Zotung ram khua a ccung hae. Lungngo, Rezua, Ccungsung, Rovaw, Hnaring athua hae. Mitraw kuitkaw telanpaw thaw te a ho pya hae. Tuin kya vae tuh, minnung minpaw hae khah maethe zunghe kha Mitraw kuih kalan a nong sah hae. Bawi ccawhae lu kheit lu nin khah maethe a pya hae.?
Kuki hae te Hakhaw lang e Bawihae kyate rawsenaw bua a pou keiccu, Zotung lan sang zemah rawsenaw oun tho bua sei cih hae cite, 1919-1942 kum laku kya, Lotaw khua kya Mitraw rawkaw sakhan (military garrison) tuh zungzae tyng lante bua a la nong hae. Lotaw sakhan kya rawkaw 150 a la nong hae. Tuin kya rawkaw hae tuh Korkha hae, India rawkaw (Indian sepoy) hae te Chin Hills Battalion kya rawkaw tangpaw, ahmaw ccungccaw hae (local Chin) hae nih thua hae. 1942 pepang Laephi rawpi II (World War II) kyate Lotaw sakhan tuh Mitraw rawkaw nynh a poutaw hae. Thuasalma, "Japan nynh vae ram a uh lya zema, Mitraw doccithya hae (British Intelligence) hae tuh Lotaw khua luki, Dongvaw laanpi (Tonwa Rd) kyate sakhan ryngpaw kalan ccadah ccadah athua he ung hae," cite ccauh kya syngtaw a zei hae.
Ccaw riatuhae ny sah rypaw tuh, "Mitraw rawkaw hae kong thua lite Lotaw khua tuh lamaw lya Mitraw uhkunaw se kya ze, myarya a bapipaw Zotung khua nynh a lah thua," cipaw
3. " Zotung ram lungkhu kya nungpaw hae nynh " tuh-e paw .... tuh Mitraw hae nynh "Maethe" a pyapaw hae" cite minnung minpaw hae kong oun hopya hae paw khah tuh-e ccyh kya a pyapaw hae thuaccah ve ma. Athua khyh zemah Mitraw se kya, Mitraw bawi hae nynh maethe, tangpaw, ccoe laksung lan a pyapaw hae tuh a ung ccaccing paw nih athua.
nih athua. * Tuh hawte, Lotaw tuh a ccozah siainn zemah Thangtlan te a lo kuh lan te a lah pyanaw hae te Pachia thehooypaw bya ho lan cite, Zotung minphuin kalan masatou oun thokuhtu Pastor hae nynh thehooypaw bya a la phynaw hae khua zemah a thua. Tuh-e kong tuh nykho thypaw khah a kaw lang ka zei.
Lotaw khua te Siainn
Lotaw khua tuh Mitraw rawkaw nynh zemah myarya a bapi lante ungnaw hmin a khuakunaw hae athua keiccu, a cco zah siainn zemah paleh a la pyanaw hae khua nih thua. Tuh-e kong lante, Rev. Sang Awr' nynh, "Carson siabawipaw a chih koute Khriccaw siainn kha accozah nynh 1922 kum kyate lah zah, Thangtlang, Lotaw, Hnaring, Surkhua, te Tikir khuahae kya khe tanpali siainn tuh a hong pya hac," cite a zei. Tukeiccu, Lotaw tuh 1922 kum kya accozah tapali siainn tuh a la moe vae hae. Thuasalamah, Khua uhtuhae nynh ram rya ae lung ngaw, mihlae hae nynh oun uh sei cih hae cite siainn sahhaepaw te sazae hae tuh phe a la ki sah hae. 1934 kum kyate tuh Lotaw accozah tangpali siainn tuh a lah hong kho vae hae.
Aekaw khua Rev. Sang Fen te Rev. Sang Ling thuanaw
Zotung minphuin kalan Pachia thehooypaw bya hopaw hae nynh a synaw hae ccunoh zui athua lan ze, Aekaw laephi a synaw hae kong tuh cciataw kuh thya khyh. Tukeiccu, Aekaw khua Rev. Sang Fen te Sang Ling a thuanaw hae kong zemah ccapyh kae ze bia sah.
Rev. Sang Fen te Rev. Sang Ling tuh 1926 kya Zotung ram lan Pachia thehooypaw bya ho lan khua a ccung hae. E hynh, Rev. Sang Fen te Rev. Sang Ling nynh, Zotung minphuin hae kya Pachia thehooypaw bya ho lang cite masatou a thokunaw hae nynh athua.? Rev. Sang Fen nynh, "Zotung minphuin kalan Rev. Sang Ling te Pachia thehooypaw bya phy lang kae cceih zah, Aekaw khua nynh masatou kae thua. Innccung thuanaw kae vaw myarya a saw. Nyathya
4. Zotung minphuin kalan masatou Pachia bya hopaw hae Rev. Sang Fen te Rev. Sang Ling tuh Surkhua -
Aekaw - Lotaw te nynh Zotung ram kalan khua a ceung hae.
5. Rev. Sang Awr, B.A (Law), LI.B; B.D (MIT), M.Th (Princeton, USA); Th.M (TTC, Singapore) tuh
Thantlang pe Thau khuapaw Paaw That Vung te Nung Chiah Zing hae ccatawccawpaw nih athua. Lawyer rya saepi a hae koute Pachia ryalaw kalan maelehkuh zah, TABC GS, MIT professor, LBC kya Honorary pastor ryalaw a la haepaw nih athua.
6. Rev. Sang Awr, "Kum 100 Chungah Khrifa Biaknak le Laimi, " Muko Magazine: Special Centenary Issue,
(Deceber 1998), pp. 12-24).
7. Rev. Sang Fen, Rev. Sang Fen Tuanbia, 1993. Rev. Sang Fen Aurdio Record, 1985.
koulou inn cca kheih kalan kaemaw lungte po kae te de. Khuazi tuh kae zu hae nynh oun phusakupaw hae Vaelung® tuh pazu phawvoi ruhpaw hawte kae ae zah, kae ih. Awkhua lan awkhua tuh Innccung hae nynh Ccahaw te ccaw a pykuhpaw looh oun pya hae," cite masatou Aekaw° athuanaw hae kong a zei.'°
Lotaw khua Rev. Sang Fen te Rev. Sang Ling thuanaw
Tuin koute, Aekaw te Lotaw lan a la cceih hae. Rev. Sang Fen nynh, "Kae voilawpaw tuh dae khyh salamah, Aekaw te Lotaw lan kae tho kuh. Lotaw khua kae thua. Khua a lia lan koulou a umpaw inn kheit kya makalaw thae kae muih. Kae voi eh a law kaesy keiccu, a hoitupaw hopya lite makalaw tuh kae lo ku. Pyng kheit pyng nin samah kae loku kho maw ze, inn hoitunung nynh rohccakhi te oun ccia nua. Rohsae lungkhu e Vakhawh, phyngba te boilakhuaru ka thua zah, ka pya. Tuin kyate, makalaw thae tuh kae ae zah, kae voilawpaw mah phe kae nin vae. Tuinkoute, Khuabawipaw kalan innccung kae thua," cite Lotaw khua masatou a thuanaw hae kong a zei." Rev. Sang Fen nynh, Pachia ryalaw lawnaw kya a vawsawnaw te lungthanaw kong tuh Rev. Sang Ling kya a ho pya. Rev. Sang Fen nynh a ho paw tuh,
"Ka u, kae tuh khua lan ah thua te tuh Pachia phongho ryalaw kyate ka phoh kuh vae cih. E hawte a rupaw tuh ka taenin ngaw khyh. Mawte lo phoku te nynh ka voi ka kua ku cih."
Rev. Sang Ling nynh Rev. Sang Fen tuh a kawla hawte thawzung pyanaw bya a ho pya.
"Ka noitaw, ccawnohae kya-e athae te apaw ae ccyh roi ccyh bua oun thua cih.
Atu hawte zungzae ryachi vawsaw li lang," cite thawzung a pya.12
8. "Vaelung" cipaw tuh phawvoi khah phonghae zah, salou hawte a lung hae. Tuin koute, ngunhuin hawte a voi lante a huinpaw hae nih athua. Nin pataepi a tyngpaw Zo aepaw phinkheih nih athua. Saw de thyapaw te laansaw cceihpaw halan vaelooh lan myarya a hoypaw aepaw nih athua.
9.Rev. Sang Fen te Rev. Sang Ling nynh Aekaw a thuanaw hae kong lante Rev. Sang Fen nynh a phongpaw
a zeikupaw kya a zeipaw hae kyalya nynh ny kho athua. Tukeiccu, Aekaw khua Pachia Rev. Sang Fen te Rev. Sang Ling hae nynh a thuanaw hae kong lante, malan Research tuapaw hae nynh Research tua a phupaw nynh athua.
Pawtecize, Zotung minphuin kalan Pachia bya masatou a phytu hae nynh masatou a synaw hae laelung tuh Aekaw laephi nynh athua keiccu nynh thua.
10. Rev. Sang Fen, Rev. Sang Fen Tuanbia, 1993, p. 54-55.
11. Rev. Sang Fen, Rev. Sang Fen Tuanbia, 1993, p. 56.
12. Rev. Sang Fen, Re. Sang Fen Tuanbia, 1993, p. 57.
E kya nykhopaw tuh, Rev. Sang Fen te Rev. Sang Ling tuh Zotung minphuin kalan Pachia thehooypaw ccaci vua khy lan 1926 kum kya khua ccunghae zah, Aekaw te Lotaw a thua vae hae cipaw nynh athua. Tuh-e kong lante, Rev. Zotung Zokaw'3 nynh zemah, "Rev. Sang Fen te Rev.
Sang Ling tuh Pachia thehooypaw ccaci vua khy lan, 1926 kum kya Aekaw te Lotaw khua athua hae. Tuin kyate a ki hae," cite a zei.l4 A ccaepaw tuh, 1926 kum kya, Rev. Sang Fen te Rev. Sang Ling tuh Lotaw khua kya Pachia thehooypaw bya masatou a phy vae hae cipaw nih athua.
Lotaw Khua kya Thehoypaw bya masatou thaenaw
Rev. Sang Fen te Rev. Sang Ling nynh Zotung minphuin kalan masatou khua a ccungnaw hae tuh 1926 kya nih athua.! Lotaw khua kya Pachia thehooypaw bya a phy hae. Tuh lya ze, Lotaw khua kya thehooypaw bya masatou a thaehaepaw tuh Tu Voi, Sua Tong, Than Bawi, te Le Swe nynh athua hae. Tuh-e ccungccawhae tuh Khriccaw lan zemah a la tang hae. Thuasalama, "khuabawi hae te nungpaw hae nynh a khe hae keiccu, Khriccaw lan po la tyng kho loh khyh hae. Kum (3) pepan nynh a lah tyng hae" cite Thawng Mangl6 nynh a ho. Tuh e kong lante Rev. Khe Hang' nynh, "1931 kum kya Rev. Dr. Chester U. Strait tuh Lotaw khua thua zah, U Tu Voi nynh kum (3) cia Pachia kae la beih boi. Thuasalama, Lotaw bawi U Lo Vua nynh ka khua, ka ram, ka laephi lo na pho bua ngaw khyh oh oun ci keiccu, phe kae la ki cite a ho pya" cite Rev. Ku King Sui Jubilee Megazin tongkunaw kya a ho.!
Ccaw riatu nynh syngtawku lan a phupaw tuh "Rev. Sang Fen te Rev. Sang Ling tuh 1926 kum kya Lotaw khua Pachia thehooypaw bya a la ho vae hae. Lotaw ccungccaw nynh Pachia thehooypaw bya a la thae hae. Kum (3) cia Khriccaw zyngnaw kya zemah a la thadyng hae.
13. Rev. Zotung Zokaw tuh oun cciataw vae paw Zotung minphuin nynh sawtuapaw te Haekhaw pe hae nynh nynh sawtuapaw Pachia ryalatu Paaw lukheih nynh athua.
Union Theological Seminary, Matupi kya zemah
sazaeci a hae boi paw nynh athua. Sethaw ccawnohae nynh tuh Elina paw cite ho ze, kou nythya athua cih.
14. Rev. Zotung Zo Kaw, "Zotung Area Pathian Riantuannak," Muko Magazine, December 1998, p. 52.
15.Rev. Sang Fen Tuanbia, 1993; Rev. Sang Fen Audio Record, 1985.
16. Paaw Thawng Mang tuh Lotaw khua uhtubawi cihan nynh athua. Tu Voi te a banghae Khriccaw lan tangnaw kongte Lawki lan bua ki palehnaw kong Rev. Pa Thawng Lian nynh July 2026 kya bya a khiapaw nih athua.
17. Rev. Khe Hang tuh Zotung minphuin lungkhu ze, masatou Pachia ryalatu "Pastor" athuapaw Rev. Sa Lang koute oun langkupaw Pachia ryalatu hae Rev. Ku King, Rev. Sa Ting, Rev. Lo Kung, Rev. Kho Thong etc. hae ry Pachia ryalaw kya a thadyn kheih buapaw Pastor lukheih nynh athua. Sethaw ccawno hae nynh tuh Rev. Tua Mang a paaw cite ho ze, a nyh thya hua cih oh.
18 Mekazin Kawmati "Rev. Khe Hang te Tongkunaw" Rev. Ku King Sui Jubilee Mekazin (1954-2005),
p.115.
Thuasalama, khuabawihae te nungpawhae nynh kangnaw te khenaw keiccuze, Khriccaw zyngnaw kyate nuh lan a la ki hae," cipaw nih athua. Jesuh Khri nynh a hopaw tousenaw te ho lan athua ze, hiinpaw laku a popaw ccaci hawte nynh a la thua. Pachia bya ccaci tuh 1926 kya Lotaw khua a ccah vae. Lotaw ccungccaw nynh zemah a la ccou vae hae. Thuasalama, pepang e vawsawnaw keiccu thehooypaw ccaci tuh a kuhpi lan la tang kho khyh, cite muih lang a um.
Thangnaw bya
Lotaw khua tuh Mitraw rawkaw nynh mitraw uhnaw tyngsanaw halan a bapi lang a nungpaw khua nynh a la thua. Mitraw raw zemah nin nin lungkhu a la dounaw hae zemah athua. Lotaw bawi hae hynh myarya rawthongpaw a thua hae keiccu, Mitraw rawkawhae zemah khua lungkhu la um sah khyh hae zah, khuaccawhae te zemah nopi pise naekunaw paping um li lante khua a la dooih hae, cite muih lan a um.
Tuh hawte, Lotaw khua tuh Rev. Sang Fen te Rev. Sang Ling nynh Zotung minphuin kalan Pachia bya ho lan cite masatou a thoku lya hae ze, thehooypaw bya a la phynaw hae khua zemah athua. Lotaw cungccaw lungkhu ze, thehooypaw bya masatou a thaetuhae tuh Kum (3) koute nuh lan a ki hae zemah, sethaw ccawnohae nynh Rev. Sang Fen te Rev. Sang Ling nynh Pachia bya a phynaw hae te masatou thehooypaw bya athaesah hae paw kong tuh phongpaw kya syngtawku lan a hoypaw nih athua. Lotaw khua kya Rev. Sang Fen te Rev. Sang Ling nynh athuanaw hae 1926 kum kyate atu 2026 kya kum (100) a cih vae.
Ccaw riatu kalan nyathya ny sah rypaw tuh, "E ccanaw "research" tuh atu cia muihkhopaw ccaekiahae thyh te zeipaw nynh athua. Malan tuh ccawnohae nynh a tu-e lae ze, a ceing lante oun zei cih hae," cipaw nynh athua.
